Renal Failure

Renal failure or in other words the sense that our kidneys are not working as it should be. Renal failure is a condition in which the kidneys are not functioning and only 15% of its function should be. Kidney failure is the final stage of chronic kidney disease. The beginning of the damage is only slightly lowered kidney function. As time went on and the damage is not detected, kidney function continues to decline until it reaches the stage of kidney failure. Usually new kidney failure patients can feel abnormalities if renal function decreased by about 25%. Even for young patients can be under 10%. Not surprisingly, most patients new to a hospital or to a doctor when already in terminal stage. Cases of kidney failure in the world increased by more than 50%. In the United States, each year there are approximately 20 million adults suffer from chronic kidney disease. Kidney failure can affect everyone, both men and women and not look at the economic level.

Take Care of Your Testicles

The Testicles is one of important male organ. View from anatominya even small shape, when in hazardous conditions, such as injury from a kick, this can be an incredible pain. There are two forms of emergency problems of the testis, one of them is injured testis. This condition requires treatment as soon as possible. It is important to prevent damage to the testes or the formation of antibodies against the sperm which in turn can lead to infertility.

Tackle Obesity in The Workplace

Problems in the workplace not only come from outside of us but the problem itself comes from within us as obese or overweight is not just a matter of aesthetics, but more appropriately expressed as a health problem that can affect a person's performance. The company that has many employees with obesity problems have many potential future problems. Employees with obesity requires a larger space, in addition, productivity is less than the employees who are not obese.

Productivity is less because obesity has the potential to cause disease resulting in increased levels of absenteeism. However, it does not mean the company can arbitrarily deny or terminate an employee with obesity but is expected to encourage companies to develop policies that can assist employees in the fight against obesity. There are four programs to combat obesity, the dietary adjustments, exercise, positive thinking, and support.

Setting your diet is to eat a balanced meal. For those who already have problems of obesity, reduced fat consumption are required. To successfully run the program, it takes commitment and discipline. For those who suffer from obesity or other diseases, such as diabetes, it is advisable to first consult with a nutritionist. Diets with excessive fasting is a great one, because the body requires energy. With extreme fasting, the body's energy requirements are not met the necessary and can cause pain. The second program is a sport. Many have a misconception that the more severe exercise, the more calories are lost, then the weight loss can be achieved easily. This is not true because the exercise is done to fight obesity is mild to moderate exercise, ie walking, brisk walking if you can. Must exercise continuously for 30 minutes or more per day and be done 3-5 times per week. If it is too heavy it can be dangerous, because with heavy physical activity can increase levels of free radicals in the body. The free radicals that are potentially causing diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure (hypertension), and the joint disease (osteoarthtritis). Furthermore, it is a positive mindset. Many obese patients think that obesity can not be solved. To lose weight is very necessary positive thoughts. Motivation is clearly important to maintain the commitment and discipline. The final step is supporting, supporting the consumption of drugs or action is either operative or non-operative that can help you lose weight, so that the main fixed 3 programs mentioned earlier. Supporting only be helpful if the target has not been achieved weight loss with 3 main stages. Many drugs or substances that are not indicated to reduce levels of fat or weight is used by people to overcome obesity. Some drugs and substances that are abused diuretics (hypertension drug), amphetamines, ephedrine (a decongestant drug), laxatives, and caffeine. Abuse is not the right solution even wrong. Support may be made but must be supervised and carried out by experts. Some medications that can help you lose weight, among others, phentermine, sibutramine, mazindol, phaesolamin vulgaris, and orlistat. Once again the use and implementation should be based on consultation with a doctor.

Stenting to Minimize Recurrent Stroke

Stenosis means narrowing or contraction of an abnormal channel or hole. Case of stenosis in the carotid arteries (heart blood vessels) and intracranial blood vessels (in the brain) can lead to a stroke. In patients who show symptoms of stroke (symptomatic), the action taken to eliminate the so-called stenosis stenting. Carotid stenting is a non-surgical but invasive procedure that aims to dilate blood vessels carotid stenosis by using a device called a stent plus supporting equipment (balloons and protective mechanisms). Stenting can provide high gain if the degree of stenosis of more than 70% and also in some cases the degree of stenosis 50-69%. If the patient had no symptoms (asymptomatic), minimizing the risk of stroke and stenting can be performed in patients with a degree of stenosis of more than 60%

Indications and Contraindications

Carotid stenting in large enough quantities was first performed in 1994 by Dr. Jay Yadav did in patients after carotid endarterectomy (surgery lift blockage in the blood vessels) who experienced restenosis. Indications stenting is to address the magnitude of lesion stenosis of more than 70% (in the asymptomatic) or are still about 50-69% (in patients with symptomatic). The advantage much more when stenting is performed at the first large lesions (> 70%). Carotid stenting should not be performed when plaque is difficult to reach due to the blood vessels that are too complicated (winding serpentine) and occurs classification (liming) great arch vessels around the heart. If there is a thrombus (occlusion) is shaped like a pendulum on the side of the plaque, then stenting is not recommended. In addition, carotid stenting is also not allowed for patients who are resistant to antiplatelet drugs (anti-clotting), patients with kidney failure and end stage of being, as well as patients who have a history of stroke complete within three weeks.

Complications

Carotid stenting can lead to complications, including:

1. Stroke or death
2. Nerve palsy brain
3. Bruised groin area, around the entry of the tool used

Plaque in the carotid arteries and intracranial vessels accounted for about 20-30% of the stroke. In an effort to prevent recurrent ischemic stroke by removing plaque before, then carotid stenting is an acceptable way. Carotid artery stenting has several advantages in preventing recurrent ischemic stroke, for example, can be performed in high-risk patients, the rate of complications after the action is relatively small, post-stroke mortality and a low action, length of stay in hospital relatively short (4-5 days if not no complications) so that the total cost of patients are also more efficient and shorter recovery time.

Appendicitis

In physiology usefulness appendix is not known with certainty, although the size is small but the anatomy of the appendix often cause problems if there is a blockage resulting in inflammation. Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix vermiformis, and is a cause of acute abdomen most frequently. This disease can affect all ages, both men and women.

If you start to feel stomach pains that never let up despite having given an ulcer drug. If the pain is focused around the right abdomen, because of the possibility of appendicitis has been attacked. According to the digestive surgeons, there are several levels of inflammatory appendicitis, appendicitis is inflammation lightest initials, and the most severe perforated appendicitis, where the appendix has ruptured. There are also called suppurative appendicitis, meaning start festering and gangrenous appendicitis, meaning begin to decompose.

Stroke

Stroke that has meaning english dictionary Med. Attacks the brain, usually accompanied by paralysis. The main cause of stroke is failure of blood circulation to the brain.

Stroke is divided into two kinds of:

Ischemic stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is suddenly blocked, resulting in cell and brain tissue will die because it no longer receives oxygen and food materials from the blood. Ischemic stroke accounting for over 88% of all strokes.

Hemorrhagic stroke (bleeding) occurs when a blood vessel in the brain bursts, allowing blood to flow into the cavity in the surrounding brain tissue. As a result, cells and brain tissue will die due to no longer receive oxygen and food materials from the blood. Number of patients with hemorrhagic stroke is only 12% of stroke patients.

Pulmonary tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is a lung disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis symptoms are very varied. 

The main symptoms of pulmonary TB is more than 4 weeks cough with or without sputum, malaise, flu-like symptoms, low-grade fever, chest pain, and coughing up blood.